Transforming Governance Through and Beyond War: Gaza, Syria, Sudan

War does not only destroy governance; it also transforms it. In conflicts marked by mass atrocities, existing institutions collapse, are hollowed out, or are captured, while new forms of authority emerge in their place. When the fighting ends, or even while it continues, societies face a choice between restoring what was and building something fundamentally new. This panel examines how governance is being reshaped through and beyond war in three societies: Gaza, Syria, and Sudan. Drawing on experiences from each, panelists will discuss what has broken down, what has emerged, and what it might take to build governance that is legitimate, effective, and able to sustain peace.