The Future of Regionalism: Afghanistan, South, and Central Asia

Can regional cooperation effectively address the traditional and non-traditional security challenges facing Afghanistan and its neighboring countries? Leading experts, scholars, and practitioners will examine these challenges and analyze regional frameworks for addressing critical issues such as climate change, education, drug trafficking, and terrorism. This discussion will also identify obstacles and explore potential strategies for advancing and enhancing collaboration in the region.

Panel 1: Afghanistan’s Regional Complexities: Historical Context, Present-day Rivalries, and Key Transnational Challenges

Objectives: The objective of this panel is to examine overarching issues faced by Afghanistan, Pakistan, Central Asian states, and Iran. The panel will analyze the historical context for current rivalries, the challenges facing each nation’s prospects for stability and prosperity, and the impact of regional powers’ interests and geopolitical strategies on Afghanistan’s internal dynamics. Specific transnational challenges will be explored, including water resource management, drug trafficking, refugees, climate change, and overall security dynamics. The audience will be invited to participate in a robust question-and answer session aimed at separating fact from assumptions and long-held beliefs about this dynamic region.

Speakers

Mr. Michael Kugelman the Director of the South Asia Institute at the Wilson Center, is a leading specialist on Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan and their relations with the United States. The editor or co-editor of 11 books, he has written for The New York Times, Foreign Policy, Foreign Affairs, and other publications, covering topics ranging from U.S. policy in Afghanistan to terrorism to water, energy, and food security in the region.

Dr. Asfandyar Mir is a Senior Expert in the Asia Center at the United States Institute of Peace. Previously, Dr. Mir held various fellowships at the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University. His research interests include the international relations of South Asia, U.S. counterterrorism policy and political violence — with a regional focus on Afghanistan and Pakistan. Dr. Mir’s research has appeared in peer-reviewed journals, such as International Security, International Studies Quarterly and Security Studies. He received his doctorate in political science from the University of Chicago and a master’s and bachelor’s from Stanford University.

Ms. Marzia Hussaini is a PhD scholar at Georgetown University, pursuing research in Water Security and Sustainable Development, and a PhD candidate at the National University of Iran (Shahid Beheshti University). She has served as a Water Diplomacy Advisor to the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan and has experience as a university lecturer in Kabul. Her research focuses on water security, hydro-diplomacy, and regional conflicts, particularly in South and Central Asia. Marzia has published several articles on water policy and transboundary water conflicts and actively contributes to discussions on Afghanistan's regional challenges and sustainable development

Ms. Fatemeh Aman is a non-resident senior fellow at the Middle East Institute. She has written on Iranian, Afghan, and broader Middle Eastern affairs for over 25 years. She has worked and published as a journalist, analyst, and previously as an Atlantic Council non-resident senior fellow. Her writings have appeared in numerous publications including Jane’s Islamic Affairs Analyst, Jane’s Intelligence Review. Fatemeh has advised the US government and non-governmental organizations on Iranian regional policies. Fatemeh was a TV writer, producer, and anchor at Voice of America (VOA), and prior to that a correspondent with Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty since 1999.

Ambassador Mohammed Ashraf Haidari is the Director-General of the South Asia Cooperative Environment Program (SACEP), and concurrently serves as the Ambassador of Afghanistan to Sri Lanka. He was the Director-General of Policy and Strategy of the Ministry of the Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan from 2015-2018. Prior to this, he served as Afghanistan’s Deputy Chief of Mission (Minister Counselor) to India for three years, before which he was Afghanistan’s Deputy Assistant National Security Advisor for Policy and Oversight. Haidari also served more than two terms at the Embassy of Afghanistan in the United States in various capacities including: Chargé d’Affaires, Deputy Chief of Mission, Political Counselor, and Acting Defense Attaché. Moreover, he formerly worked with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the World Food Program (WFP) in Afghanistan and Switzerland.

Haidari is a writer and TV and radio commentator on Afghanistan, regional, and international affairs. He has held senior research and visiting fellowship-positions at the New America (NA) in Washington-DC; the Afghan Institute for Strategic Studies (AISS) in Kabul; the Observer Research Foundation (ORF) and Delhi Policy Group (DPG) in New Delhi, as well as the Institute of National Security Studies of Sri Lanka (INSSSL) in Colombo. He is a member of the editorial board of the Diplomatist Magazine in New Delhi and a blog-contributor at the Center for Public Diplomacy, University of Southern California.

Haidari holds a Master of Arts in security studies (international security and development) from the Georgetown University Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service in Washington D.C., and a Bachelor of Arts in political science and international relations from Wabash College in Indiana. In both of his degree programs, focusing on international security and development, he extensively studied, researched, and wrote on environmental security and the adverse impact of climate change on sustainable development at the regional and global levels. During 2002-2003, Haidari was a Fellow in Foreign Service at the Georgetown University Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service.

Haidari is the recipient of many public and academic awards, including: The Fredrick J. Urbaska Civic Service Award, National Association of Wabash Men (NAWM), Indiana, 2011; The Fellowship in Foreign Service Award; Georgetown University, Washington DC, 2002; and The F. Michael Cassel Award; Wabash College Political Science Department, Indiana, 1999. The life and achievements of Haidari have been publicly recognized and featured in numerous international publications.

Alongside Afghan President Ashraf Ghani, Haidari serves on the board of the Louis and Nancy Hatch Dupree Foundation. He also serves on the Advisory Board of the Biruni Institute, and previously served on the board of the Roots of Peace. In addition, he formerly served as a trustee of the Afghan Education Peace Foundation.

Panel 2: Search for Solutions: Security Cooperation, Economic Cooperation and Regional Mechanisms for Conflict Prevention

Objectives: The objective of this panel is to identify political challenges that hinder regional cooperation. It will discuss existing regional platforms aimed at enhancing security and economic cooperation in the region, along with the associated challenges. The panel aims to explore effective security cooperation measures to address common threats such as terrorism and transnational crime, thereby fostering stability and mutual trust. Discussions will also focus on promoting economic cooperation through trade facilitation, infrastructure development, and investment initiatives to stimulate regional growth and prosperity. Additionally, the panel will examine potential regional mechanisms for conflict prevention and resolution, aiming to enhance regional resilience against geopolitical tensions and internal conflicts.

Speakers

Dr. Sebastien Peyrouse is the Director of the Central Asia Program and a Research Professor at the Institute for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies at George Washington University. He is also a Researcher at EUCAM (Europe-Central Asia Monitoring) in Brussels. His expertise spans political systems in Central Asia, economic and social issues, Islam and religious minorities, as well as Central Asia’s geopolitical relations with China, India, and South Asia. He has authored, co-authored, and edited several books on the region, and his work has been published in Europe-Asia Studies, Nationalities Papers, Problems of Post-Communism, Eurasian Geography and Economics, China Perspectives, Religion, State & Society, and the Journal of Church and State.

Ms. Naheed Sarabi is a Nonresident Senior Fellow in the Center for Sustainable Development, housed within the Global Economy and Development program at the Brookings Institution, Washington D.C. She is also a director and co-founder of the Institute for Development and Economic Affairs (IDEA), a U.S.-based think-tank for the Afghan diaspora. Sarabi is a development practitioner with over 15 years of experience in development policy and planning. She served as the deputy minister for policy at the Ministry of Finance, Afghanistan from 2017 to 2020, the highest-ranking professional woman at the Ministry in the pre-Taliban administration. She has also worked as senior coordination and partnership advisor for Afghanistan’s Independent Directorate of Local Governance, the agency responsible for subnational governance, giving her hands-on experience with governance issues at all levels of public administration. Sarabi has a strong background in core issues of development strategy and the challenges of turning conceptual frameworks into operational policy, particularly in fragile and conflict-affected states where core systems are contested or underdeveloped and levels of aid dependency tend to be very high. Her experience is not limited to the government. She is an advisory board member of Rawadari, an Afghan human rights organization. She served as a board member of Open Society Afghanistan before the Taliban’s takeover of Kabul. After leaving the government, Sarabi served as assistant resident representative for the United Nations Development Program in Kabul.

Sarabi holds a bachelor’s in political science from the Indraprastha College for Women, Delhi University, India and a master’s degree in development management from Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. Sarabi is a recipient of the DAAD (German Academic Exchange Service) scholarship and the Fulbright scholarship. She received her second master’s, in applied economics, from Western Michigan University, U.S.

Dr. Ahmad Farid Tookhy holds a PhD in politics from Georgetown University and has taught at the universities of Georgetown and Ottawa. Dr. Tookhy’s research and intellectual interests include modern political formations, international relations, politics and religion, political sociology, and Middle Eastern history and politics. Previously, he served with the United Nations in Afghanistan, Sudan and South Sudan on electoral and political affairs.

Dr. Weeda Mehran, Faculty member at the Department of Politics & the Co-Director of the Centre for Advanced International Studies (CAIS) at the University of Exeter.

Dr. Weeda Mehran, PhD (Cambridge), MSc (Oxford) is a faculty member at the Department of Politics & the Co-Director of the Centre for Advanced International Studies (CAIS) at the University of Exeter. Dr Mehran's research has been published in journals such as Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Small Wars and Insurgencies, Behavioural Science of Terrorism and Political Violence, Central Asian Survey, and Journal of Peacebuilding and Development among others.

She has published opinion pieces in The Conversation, The Guardian, and the Telegraph. Dr Mehran has provided TV and radio commentaries for news organizations such as BBC, CNN, CBC, Sky News, France24, CTV, and Financial Times amongst others.

Ambassador Said Tayeb Jawad is a senior diplomat and corporate/nonprofit executive. He has served as Chief of Staff to the President of Afghanistan (2001-2003), Ambassador to the USA, Mexico, Brazil, Columbia & Argentina (2003-2010), Ambassador to the UK & Ireland (2017-2020), Ambassador to Russia (2020-2022), the CEO of Capitalize LLC, a US strategic advisory firm (2010-2017), Chairman of the Foundation for Afghanistan, a non-profit organisation (2004-2014); and Global Political Strategist & Senior Counselor at APCO Worldwide (2010-2017).

He has served as Diplomat-in-Residence at Johns Hopkins University’s Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (2010-2015), & Senior Fellow at Harvard University’s Future of Diplomacy Project at the John F. Kennedy School of Government (2010-2011).

Host or Publisher Sigur Center for Asian Studies at GW